一、重点词汇
1、make
make +宾语+动词原形 He made us stay with him.
make +宾语+ 形容词 He tried to make his mother happy
make +宾语+名词- He made me his friend.
make +宾语+介词短语 He asked us to make ourselves at home.
make +宾语+过去分词 What made him so frightened?
2、seem
Seem+形容词 English seems a little difficult.
Seem to do He doesn’t seem to have any friends.
=It seems that he doesn’t have any friends.
It seems as if they were in a dream.
3、suggest
suggest+名词、代词
suggest doing建议做某事
suggest sb do 建议某人做某事
4、refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
5、beat 打败，后接运动员、球队、对手
win 接比赛、战争，奖项
6、avoid doing sth避免做某事
7、depend
depend on sb 依赖
depend on sth 依…而定
8、on one’s own独自
of one’s own 某人自己的
9、have problem with …在哪一方面有麻烦
have problem/trouble/difficulty indoing，其中trouble/difficulty是不可数名词，前面用no/much/some/little any修饰
10、come up出现，发生
1发芽，In March, lots of plants begin to come up.
2太阳升起
3发生，出现I'll let him know if anything comes up.
4被提及A number of questions came up at the meeting.
11、in order to、to+动词原形、so as to,so…that.so that，in order that
in order to、to+动词原形、so as to引导目的状语从句，有时为了表示强调，也可把in order to，to do放在句首，否定形式是in order not to,so as not to
12、as well as并且，还，可与not only…but also互换，但是as well as强调前面的内容，not only…but also强调后面的内容
1连接两个并列成分He as well as his friends likes going shopping.
2as well as还可以表示“和…一样好”，well是副词，用于修饰实义动词。
3as well 可单独做副词，表示“也”，位于句末。
13、such adj. 如此，这样
so +adj.+a/an+单数名词
such+a/an+adj.+单数名词
such +adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，
当adj.是many/much/few/little时用so
14、倒装句
So + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“某人或某物也一样”
I will go there tomorrow. So will she.
So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 “的确如此”
"It was very cold yesterday.""昨天很冷。"
"So it was.""的确如此。"
对于上述两种情况，当前一句是否定句时， so须改用neither或nor。
15、besides，but，except和except for
besides：除了......还包括He has another car besides this.
but与except同义，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词
except：除了;例句：Except you, there is no one can help me. 除了你没人能帮我
except for：在一类中除去另一类，Smith is a good man， except for his bad temper
二、语法知识
1、宾语从句
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear that physics isn’t easy.
I think that you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
